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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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ILLUSION
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00250_Text_ref10t.txt
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1996-12-31
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Whether pattern recognition
is based upon parallel
processing or upon serial
processing is still in dispute.
In serial processing, one item
is processed at a time. In
parallel processing, all items
are processed simultaneously.
There are difficulties with
each possibility. Serial
processing would take too long,
even if each comparison of the
percept with a different trace
required only a few
milliseconds. After all, there
are almost an infinite number
of memories, while
recognition takes only a
fraction of a second. Yet the
results of an experiment
conducted by Saul Sternberg of
Bell Laboratories favors serial
comparison. Subjects were first
given a list of items to
memorize. Shortly thereafter
they were shown an "old" or a
"new" item and were asked to
indicate whether or not it had
been on the list. Sternberg
discovered that observers'
reaction time increased by a
constant amount for each
additional item on the
memorized list. This suggests
that the list had been
"searched" serially. On the
other hand, parallel
processing would take little
time, but then what
mechanism would permit
matching a percept to all
possible traces at once?
What properties of an object's
shape make it seem more or
less similar to other shapes?
The answer to this question is
of direct relevance to our
understanding of recognition
as well as form perception. In
the case of recognition, such
properties would provide the
basis for the search of one's
memories. If we wanted to
build a machine that could
"recognize" figuresΓÇöΓÇôfor
example, one that could
"read"ΓÇöΓÇôwe must know what
properties of the object now
detected govern the search for
similar memories, or
prototypes, stored in the
machine's memory.